Lock.



PATElfITED MAY 26,1608.

' S. DREW.

LOCK

APPLICATION III-ED AUG. 2'7. 1906.

WITNESSEEI UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL DREW, OF ROCHESTER, N W YORK.

Loon.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Meyers, 1908.

I Application filed August 27, 1906. Serial No. 332,140.

, more efiicient and economical construction for looks and more especially of that class adapted to use on outside doors.

Another object is to provide a construction permitting a maximum number of differently assorted locks and keys with a minimum change'in the operating mechanism of the lock and the key.

Another object of my invention is to provide a key and a cooperating mechanism of the lock of such a character that such mechanism migst be. engaged at two points as far removed s consistent, by means of a key of special conformation insertible through as small an opening as possible, which opening I prefer shall be formed in a slotted and revobers operates the b0 t or latch.

luble escutcheon.

Still another object of my invention is to provide an operating handle for such a lock which shall be, so far as possible, removed from the keyhole escutcheon and also as far removed as consistent from the door frame in order that the hand may not be brought into engagement with the door frame in operating. the lock from the handle, which in my present invention comprises a fixed and a movable member so pivoted together that the forcible clampin together of such mem In carrying out my present invention, I provide a case for the internal mechanism of the lock within which a suitable bolt is arranged to slide in the usual way. I also provide mechanism under the control of a key of special construction which is adapted to hold a such latch either Withdrawn in its inoperative a locking position, and the parts of such position or outwardly'against withdrawal in mechanismmay also occupy a position permitting the o eration ofthe latch by the operating hand e. For. operating my look I also provide a key comprising two parts piv Ioted together, each part adapted, when in operative position within the lock, to engage a different tumbler or set of tumblers so as to permit the turnlng of the key and the pro er movement of the parts operated there y,

I such partsbeing locked against such move- I ment except as such tumblers are properly ance of such locks and keys.

engaged by such key, each part of whic has that peculiar conformation adapted by engagement therewith to release such tumblers, and by providing for each part of the key a series of say eight or ten different conformations adapted to o erate correspondingly difierently conformer tumbler mechanisms, I may provide sixty-four or one hundred differently assorted locks and keys without material modifications in the general appear- For operating the latch or bolt when free and controlled only by its actuating spring, I provide, in

connection with a handle nearly such as a plied to outside doors, and in place of t e usual thumb piece for the latch, an operating member pivoted on the inside of the handle and adapted, upon grasping and clamping such parts together by the hand or fingers of the operator, to operate the latch or bolt so that the door may be opened.

Although many of the features of my present invention are applicable to looks in general, I have shownthem as embodied in a combined lock and latch adapted to use on an outside door and operable from the outside by means of the key at all times but by means of the handle only. when the parts under control of the key are in position to permit such operation by the handle. Such parts are operable also from the key in such a way as to hold the bolt either in its locked or outermost position or unlocked and inoperativev in its innermost'position, or again such parts may be moved by the key to permit the operation of the latch or bolt by the handle, and this case such bolt or latch is normally held in its locking position by means of its actuating spring.

The drawings are as follows :Figure 1 shows in side view that portion of my lockthe case thereof towards the. observer removed to show the internal -mecl1anism thereof; while Fig. 2 shows this same part of my lock, but with the case thereof com plete and with the operating member J inserted in place. sectional view, part of the lock and the external plate carrying the escutcheon and with the operating and controlling mechanism J external to such case secured in place and with the key partially inserted therein. Fig. 4 shows a portion of the edge of the door Fig. 3 shows in a vertical with my lock inserted therein and with parts broken away to' show the construction and operation of the handle and the key-operated mechanism and the key inserted therein and also shows the knob for operating the look from the inside of the door, and in this figure the operating handle on the outside of the door is shown in vertical. section, while the similarhandle on the inside of the door is shown in full. Fig. 5'shows in face view the plate P for supporting and carrying the operating handle and the escutcheon of my lock. Figs. 6 and 7 are face and edge views respectively of the changeable guard section seen at the lower edge of the member J Fig.

8 is a central transverse sectional view of the handle H and the member h pivoted thereto, showing such parts as occupying the positions which they assume when the latch has been operated thereby. Fig. 9 is a rear view of the element J.

Similar letters refer to similar parts the usual latch or catch-plate adapted to be secured to the door frame-and to be engaged by the latch or bolt for holding the door closed, such plate forming no part of my resent invention is not shown herein. This atch L is arranged to slide out and in, from left to right andright to left, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, and is normally under the influence of a spring Sof the usual construction, operating to force such latch to its extreme left hand position, as seen in Figs.

1 and 2. The shank of this latch L carries two projections 0 between which the Cam 0 may be caused to occupy a horizontal position'by swinging in either direction, that is,

upwardly to the left or upwardly to the right. The latch L inFig. '1 occupies 'a position ermittin such cam Qto be swung upward fy to the hand projection c on the shank thereof.

For this position of the cam C, that is, moved upwardlyto the left a'sindicated in dotted lines at C in Fig. 1, the latch L is, as will at once be understood, forcibly held outward J against withdrawal until such cam O has been moved again'to the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 1. been-moved upwardly and to the right, as indicated in dotted lines at C in Fig. 1, the latch L is forced thereby toits extreme right hand position, in whichposition it'is firmly held by such cam G engaging the right hand projection c on the latch L and against the eft without engaging the leftv When such cam C has action of the spring S until such cam O is again moved to the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 1.

Near the right hand end of the shank of the latch L is seen a pin p which is engaged by the slot in the lower end of the an ular lever t pivoted at p The upper end 0' this lever t extends first horizontally to the left from the pivot p and terminates in around- .ed upward extension engaged by thelever t pivoted at p within the case A of the lock.

This lever t is preferably of a width at each end nearly equaling the distance between the side Iplates of the lock and is engaged at its right and end, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, by. two levers h pivoted as shown'in Fig. {i at p between the side flanges formed on the bandle H. Theselevers h? carry each a downward extension h adapted to be moved within and between the flanges on the handle H by the han'd'of the operator'to o erate the latch L, and in so operating the atch L, a member h of a lever h is forced outwardly and into the member H and between. the flanges thereon by clampin such handle H and member h with the han of the'operator; this causes a. downward movement of the inner end of the lever h which en agesthe right hand end of the lever t and forces the same downwardly, carrying with it the upper end of the lever t forcing the lower end thereof to the right, as seeninFi 1, and thereby moving the latch L inwardly and to the right by means of the connection already I described between such lever 15 and such latch L. The shank of this latch L has a slot 6 therein, asseen in Fig. 1, ada ted to re ceive the stem of the cam O revo ubly supported suitable openings therefor not seen in the side plates of the case A of the lock. Through the square hole therefor seen in the stem of such cam C extends the square-rod k having its left hand end, as seen in Fig. 4,

being the end towards the inside of the door, I

secured within a suitable operatin knob K such knob revolubly supported within a de- I pression formed therefor 1n the plate P, seen on the inside of-the door. -A suitable spring is provided for holding this knob K in its extreme inner position, such spring engaging the plate P andthe shoulder on the inner end of the knob K and operating to force the rod k to the left, as seen in F ig- 4, to bring the square portion thereof in engagement with the square recess therefor in the operating memberJ securediupon the outside of the case of the lock and within an opening therefor in the door and on the outside thereof.

It will be readily understoodthat by grasping the knob K and drawing the same inwardly until the outer or left hand end of the rod 1%, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4, is out of engagement with the memberJ, then such knob K may beturned, either over to the right or over to the left to move the cam C therein occupy element J, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4, and the I indicated at C and C in Fi 1.

the inside of the door'by means of the knob K so as to place the latch L under the control of the latch lever h pivoted to the handleH.

The plate P on the outside of the door has revolubly securedtherein the escutcheon I having two alined and radially extendin slots therein, and through either one 0 which, as indicated in Figs.'3, 4 and 5, the key K may be inserted. The late A comprising the side plate of the 100 towards the observer as seen in Fig. 2, has secured thereon by means of screws a guidewa'y consisting of two nearly semicircular members I) and b each secured to the plate A of the look by means of screwsand each member I) carries a tongue, as seen, engaging in the groove therefor m the member J. i

The revoluble member J has formed therein three slots of the character'indicated in face view in Fig. 2 and in section in Figs. 3 and 4 and in rear view in Fig. 9, ada ted to receive the parts is and k of the key when inserted through the upper slot therefor in the revoluble escutcheon I, and for-this purpose before the insertion of such key the escutcheon I is rotated until the alin'ed slots vertical positions, as indicated in '5'. i

square recess therefor in the revoluble knob K cannot, therefore, be rotated indeendently of the element J except as. such ob K is drawn'to the left, as seen in Figs.

3 and 4, carrying with it such rod k and drawing the right hand end of the same within the case A and out of the socket therefor, seen in Figs, 3 and 4, in the center of the revoluble element J. Normally, therefore,

' the knob K and the rod k are held against rotation and therewith-also the cam G except as turned with and by this revoluble element J. This element J has two peripheral grooves therein, as seen, 3' and j, the

.latter of which isin engagement with. the

inwardly projecting flanges on the semicircular elements I) and b and a similar tongue on the element 6 to receive a guard 03 carried by the element Thegroove j isprovided b, which flange and the corresponding groove 3" therefor are varied in depth to meet the differently conformed keys, one feature of the difference between such keys comprising the.

difierences in conformation'to meet the varying depths ofthe guards i. This member Y J b is bored, as indicated in Figs. 3, 4 and 7, to

1 receive the tumbler stitutes, therefore, suitable guideways for such pins, which are secured "respectively pins 7* and r and conupon the levers a and a, each pivotedinturn upon a pin 1) extending transversely of the lock case; and each of such levers a and a is actuated by an independent spring '0 and 22 respectively, within the lock case, in such a way as to force upwardly the tumbler pins 1' andr andsuch pins 1" and r are carried by outwardly bent arms on the levers-a, and a} respectively extending through asuitable o ening therefor in the plate A of the lock. These pins 1- and r are each of a different length, as-will be noted, and normally ex- I tend therefore. different distances upwardlythrough the guard section b and into slots formed in the element therefor and also for receiving the member 7a of the key K. Another pair of tumbler pins 0 and.

and they are of different lengths and extend normally different distances into the .slots in the member J adapted to receive the member k of the key K. The conformation of the inner and operative end of the member 7c of the key K is such that when such key K is in operative position the tumbler pins 0 and 0 are forced inwardly to the left,

asseen in Fig. '4, so as to beout of engagement with the member J to permit the rotation thereof, such member. J as indicated,

being conformed to fit the conformation of The square rod k extends normally intoa the inner end of the member 7c of the key K, when such key is in position. In a similar way'the pins 1" and r extend different distances upwardly "within the slotsin the element ,J for the member k of the key K, and they are forced out of such slots and beyond the periphery of the element J by means of" the member 7: of the key K, to permit such member J 'to be revolved by the key K.

The plate A of the case A carries a member b conformed to fit the opposing inner surface of the element J, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, which extends for a short distance each side of the slot in such element J to receive the member 7c of the key K and this member 6 is slotted to receive the end of the member 7a of the key K in order that a key K carrying an element 7c of im ro er conformation will engage Within suc s t in this element .6 and thereby prevent the rotation of the element J when one of the pins 0 and 0 has been forced outwardly by such key far enough to permit of the rotation of such element J; that is, with a key of improper conformation, either a part of the memberk of such key will engage the slot in the member I) or one of such pins 0 and 0 will not be forced out of engagement'with the slot in the element J by themember 7c of the key K, in order to permit the rotation thereof. In a similar way when a key of same time engaging either the member 6 or the member 12 in such a way as to prevent the rotation of the element v The insertion of the key K in the manner already described and the rotation thereof one quarter of a revolution over to the right results in carrying the cam C u wardly to the left to a position where it hol s the latch L in its outermost or looking position. The key may then be withdrawn and at any time thereafter when desired the parts interior to the case of the lock may be returned to the positions indicated in full lines in Fig. 1 by the operation of the knob K in the manner already described, or such parts may be moved to such positions by inserting. the key K in the manner already described and turning the same'one quarter of a revolution over to the left and again when the partsinterior to the case of thelock occupy the positions indicated in full lines in Fi 1, the insertion of the key K and turning t e same over one quarter of a revolution to. the left results in forcing the latch L to its innermost and inoperative position where it remains after the withdrawal of the key K until the cam .C has been moved to the position indicated in Fig. 1 in full lines, either by the insertion of the key K and the rotation of the same one quarter of a revolution over to the right or by the operation of the knob K in the man' ner already described. .It is obvious that the latch or bolt L may be held in its 0 eratlve or inoperative osition by means 0 the earn 0, and that suc cam C may be moved either by the key K or the knob K as desired, to either one of three positions, as follows :first, in the position holding the latch- L forcibly outward; 'second, to the position shown in Fig. 1 where the latch is under the nfluence of the spring ,8 and the latch-handle h, or third, to a-- osition holding the latch L and therefore inoperative; and it is alSQiObViOuSfihfii whatever the po'-' sition. of thecam O and no matter by what.

means it has been moved to such position,

- itm'ay be moved to either of the two other positions therefor b means of either the key K or the knob K. he element J it will be noticed, is revolubly supported in proper position by the flanges on t l engaging the bottom of the groove 3" therefor in the periphery of the member J and that too regardless of the diameter of the e members I) and seems outwardly extending tongues or ridges seen substantially continuations o the surface of.

such ridges after forcing the tumbler pins 1" and 1'. outwardly.

The operation of my lock is believed to be sufficiently clear from the above descri tion to call for-no further statement thereo What I'plaim is I 1. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operative positions, to engage, move to and hold the bolt at the corresponding end of its path, and, when at its neutral position, permitting inde endent motion of such bolt to and from eac end of its path.

2. In a look, a bolt or latch; a ca m adapted tooccupy, as desired, a'neutral or either one of twooperative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operative posltions, to engage, move to andhold the bolt at the corresponding end ofits path, and, whenat its neutral position, permitting independent motion of such bolt to and from each end of its path and a movable element adapted to actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the key. c

3, In a lock, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy, as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operatlve positions, to engage, move to andhold the bolt at the corresponding end of itspath, and when at lts neutral position, permitting inde 'endent mo-tion'of such bolt-to and from eac end of its path; a movable element adapted to actuate said 0am to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the key and locking means comprisin two independent tumbler mechanisms eac adapted to engage and hold said movable element engagement with the movable element only whenin' any one of said positions, each tum- 'bler mechanism adapted to be movedout of by a key member of s ecial conformation when inserted within a s 0t therefor.-

- 4. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted [to occupy, as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to elther one of its operatlve positions, to en' gage, move to and hold the bolt at the corresponding end. of its path, and, when at its neutral position, permitting independent motion of such bolt to and from each end of its path; a movable element adapted to actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the key; locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said movable element when in any one of said positions, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the movable element only by a key member of special conformation when inserted within aslot therefor and a fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot in said movable element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism.

5. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy, as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operative positions, to engage, move to and hold the bolt at the corresponding end of its path, and, when at its neutral position, permitting inde endent motion of such bolt to and from eac end of its path; a movable element adapted to actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to, engage and hold said movable element when in any one of said positions, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the movable element only by a key member of special conformation when inserted within aslot therefor; a fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot 1n said'movable element to release therefrom the corresponding-tumbler mechanism and a key for actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to enter a corresponding slot in such movable member and release the correspondg tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key mem berspivoted to ether and adapted to swing on their pivota connection while being inserted in-the slots therefor.

6. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy, as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operative positions, to engage, move to and hold the bolt at the corresponding endof its path, and, when at its neutral position, permitting inde endentmotion of such bolt to and from eac end of its path; a movable element adaptedto actuate said cam .to and from each one of 1ts three positions and having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising twoindependent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and };holdsaid movable element when in any one of saidpositions, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the movable motion of such bolt to and from eac element only by a key member of special conformation when inserted within a slot therefor; a fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot in said movable element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism; a key for' actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to enter a corresponding slot in such movable member and release the corresponding tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key members pivoted to ether and adapted to swing on their pivota connection while being inserted the slots therefor and fixed stops for limiting the movement of each member of such key in actuating such tumbler mechanisms;

7. In a look, a bolt or latch a cam adapted,

three positions and having slots therein to receive the key.

8. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy, as desired, a neutral'or either one" i of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one ofits operative positions, to engage, move to and hold the bolt atthecorresponding end of its path, and when at its neutral position, permitting inde endent end of its path; va revoluble element adapted to actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the-key and locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechamsms' each adapted 'toengage and hold said revoluble element when in any one of said positions, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the revoluble element only by a key member of special conformation when inserted within a slot therefor.

9. In a lock, a bolt or latch; a cam adapted to occupy, as desired, a neutral or either one of two operative positions, and, when moved to either one of its operative positions, to engage, move to-and hold the bolt at the corresponding end of its path, and, when at, its

neutral position, permitting inde endent motion of such bolt to and from eac end of its path; 'a revoluble element adapted to ac tuatesaid cam to and from each one of its three positions and havingslots therein to,

receive the key; locking means compr two independent tumbler mechanisms eac adapted to engage and hold said revpluble element when in any one of said positions,

each tumbler mechanism. ada ted to be tumbler mechanism; akey for actuating such moved out of engagement with t e revoluble elementonly by a' key member of special .conformation when inserted within 'a slot therefor and a fixed stop adapted to be en- I gagedby a key of improper conformation when mserted in a slot in said revoluble element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism.

i 10. In a look, a bolt or latch; a cam ada ted to occupy, as desired, a neutral or eit er actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to receive the key members locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said revoluble element when in any one of said positions, eachtumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the movable element only by a key member of s ot therefor; a fixed stop adapted to be en:-

s ecial conformation when inserted within a gaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot in said revoluble elementto release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism and a key for actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each ada ted to enter a corre- .sponding slot in suc revoluble element and release the corresponding tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key members pivoted to- 40 gether and adapted to swing on their pivotal connection while being inserted in the slots therefor.

' v moved to eit 11. In a lock,-a bolt or latch; a cam ada ted toioccupy; as desired, a neutral or eit er one of two olperative positions, and, when er one of its operative ositions, to engage, move to and hold the be t at the corresponding end of its path, and, when ,at its neutral position, permitting inde enderit motion bf such bolt to andfrom eac end of 1 ts path; a revoluble element adapted-to actuate said cam to and from each one of its three positions and having slots therein to .receive the key members; locking means comprismg two independent tumbler mech amsms each adapted to engage and hold said' 'revoluble element when in any one of said posltlons, each tumbler mechanism adapted to bemoved out of engagement with the revoluble element only by a key member of s eclal conformation when inserted within a s ot therefor; a fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when Inserted in a slot 1n said revoluble element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to enter a corresponding slot in such revoluble element andrelease theengaging the corresponding fixed sto said key members pivoted together and a apted to swing on their pivotal connection while being inserted in the slots therefor and fixed stops for limiting the movement of each member of such key in actuating such tumbler mechanisms. 7

i 12. In a look; a movable element having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said movable element, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the movable element only by a key member of s ecial conformation when inserted within a s ot therefor; a'fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when'inserted in a slot in said movable element .to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism, and a key for actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to enter a corresponding slot in such movable member and release the corresponding tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key members pivoted together and adapted to swing on their pivotal connection while being inserted in the slots therefor.

13. In a lock; a movable element having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said movable element, each tumbler mechanism adaplaed to be moved out of engagement with t e movable element only by a key member of s ecial conformation when inserted within a s ot' therefor; a'fixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot 1n said movable element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism; a key for actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to enter a corres onding slot in such movable member and re ease .the corresponding tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key members pivoted together and ada ted to swing on t eir pivotal connection whi e being inserted in the slots therefor and fixed stops for limiting the movement of each member of such key in actuating such tumbler mechanisms.

' 14. In a look; a revoluble element having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising two independent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said revoluble element, each turnbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the revoluble element only by a key member of s ecial conformation when inserted Within a s 0t therefor; afixed stop adapted to be engaged by a key of improper conformation when inserted in a slot in said revoluble element to release therefrom the corresponding tumbler mechanism and a key for actuating such tumbler mechanisms comprising two members each adapted to'enter a corresponding slot in such revoluble member an release the corresponding tumbler mechanism without engaging the corresponding fixed stop, said key members pivoted together and ada ted to swing on their pivotal connection W 'le being inserted in the slot therefor.

15. In a lock; a revoluble element having slots therein to receive the key members; locking means comprising two inde endent tumbler mechanisms each adapted to engage and hold said revoluble element, each tumbler mechanism adapted to be moved out of engagement with the revoluble element only by a key member of special conformation when inserted within a slot therefor; a

fixed stop ada ted to be engaged by a key of improper co ormation when inserted in a slot in said revoluble element to release there-v from the corresponding tumbler mechanism;

1 a keyfor actuating such tumbler mechanisms; comprising two members each adapted to en- .mechanisms and a key comprising two pivotally connected members each adapted to operate one of such tumbler mechanisms.

17. In a lock; two independent tumbler mechanisms and a key comprising two pivotally connected members'each adapted, to swing upon their pivotal connection when.

engaging and operating such tumbler mechanlsms.

SAMUEL DREW.

Witnesses WM. G. STANDENMAIER, LOTTIE W001). 

